「押しつけられる受動的な役割を完全に受け入れれば受け入れるほど、彼ら(生徒たち)はますます完全にあるがままの世界(現実)に順応し、彼らに預け入れられる現実についての断片的な見方を受け入れるようになる」(パウロ・フレイレ『被抑圧者の教育学』(Pedagogy of the Oppressed. 初版はポルトガル語版、1968)亜紀書房刊、1979年)
1 The teacher teaches and the students are taught.
2 The teacher knows everything and the students knows nothing.
3 The teacher thinks and the students are thought about.
4 The teacher talks and the students listen-meekly.
5 The teacher disciplines and the students are disciplined.
6 The teacher chooses and enforces his choice, and the students comply.
7 The teacher acts and the students have the illusion of acting through the action of the teacher.
8 The teacher chooses the programme content, and the students (who were not consulted)adapted to it.
9 The teacher confuses the authority of knowledge with his own professional authority, which he sets in opposition to the freedom of the students.
10 The teacher is the subject of the learning process, while the pupils are mere objects.
Any situation in which some men prevent others from engaging in the process of inquiry is one of violence. The means used are not important; to alienate men from their own decision -making is to change them into objects. … In the banking concept of education, knowledge is a gift bestowed by those who consider themselves knowledgeable upon those whom they consider to know nothing. …
The teacher presents himself to his students as their necessary opposite; by considering their ignorance absolute, he justifies his own existence. …(P. Freire)